Traffic control devices(PDF, 213KB) include traffic signals, traffic signs (e.g., stop signs and speed limit signs), and traffic pavement markings.
The MUTCD contains all the design, application, placement, standards, guidance, options and support provisions for traffic control devices. The purpose of the MUTCD is to provide uniformity of signs, signals and pavement markings in order to promote roadway safety and efficiency on streets and highways.
Uniformity of devices aids road users in the recognition and understanding of traffic control devices and reduces perception/reaction time. The MUTCD explains the term uniformity by stating that "Uniformity means treating similar situations in a similar way".
The MUTCD also states that traffic control devices "should be designed so that features such as size, shape, color, composition, lighting or retroreflection, and contrast are combined to draw attention to the devices; that size, shape, color and simplicity of message combine to produce a clear meaning; that legibility and size combined with placement, permit adequate time for response; that uniformity, size, legibility, and reasonableness of the message combine to command respect" and that such traffic control device actually fulfills a need.
There are five basic requirements for all traffic control devices; they must:
- Fulfill a need
- Command attention
- Convey a clear, simple message
- Command respect of road users
- Give adequate time for proper response
The MUTCD applies to all roads and streets in the United States and is the national standard for all traffic control devices installed on any highway, street, bike way or private road that is open to public travel.